Effluent Treatment Plant or ETP is one type of waste water treatment method which is particularly designed to purify industrial waste water for its reuse and it’s aim is to release safe water to environment from the harmful effect caused by the effluent.

Industrial effluents contain various materials, depending on the industry. Some effluents contain oils and grease, and some contain toxic materials (e.g., cyanide). Effluents from food and beverage factories contain degradable organic pollutants. Since industrial waste water contains a diversity of impurities and therefore specific treatment technology called ETP is required.

The ETP Plant works at various levels and involves various physical, chemical, biological and membrane processes to treat waste water from different industrial sectors like chemicals, drugs, pharmaceutical, refineries, dairy, ready mix plants & textile etc.

1. E.T.P Plant Working :-

Equalisation  >  Ph Control  >  Coagulation  >  Sedimentation  >  Filtration  >  Disinfection  >  Sludge Drying

2. Design Of E.T.P:-

The design of ETP depends on quality and quantity of waste water discharged from the different industries and land availability. If the availability of land in your industry is less, then Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) is preferred over Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP).

3. Industrial Effluent Treatment Process:-

A. Preliminary Treatment

B. Primary Treatment

C. Secondary or Biological Treatment

D. Tertiary/advanced/disinfection treatment

A. Preliminary Treatment Process:-

Screening > Sedimentation > Grit Chamber > Clarifiers

B. Primary Treatment Process:-

Flocculation > Coagulation > Neutralization > Primary Clarifiers

C. Secondary or Biological Treatment Process:-

Activated Sludge Process > Aerated Lagoons > Trickling Filters > Rotating Biological Contactor

D. Tertiary/advanced/disinfection treatment Process:-

Chemical Coagulation and sedimentation > Filtration > Reverse Osmosis > UV Disinfection

4. Advantages of ETP:-

1. To clean industry effluent and recycle it for further use

2. To reduce the usage of fresh water in industries

3. To preserve natural environment against pollution

4. To meet the standards for emission of pollutants set by the Government & avoid heavy penalty

5. To reduce expenditure on water acquisition.